A three-way race to the first head

Three people independently flip fair coins until each gets their first head. Let TT, GG, PP be the number of flips each needs. What is P[T<G<P]\mathbb{P}[T < G < P]? The answer is 1M\tfrac{1}{M} for an integer MM; find MM.

Show hints (2)+
  1. Each flip count is Geometric(1/2)(1/2) and they're independent. Write P[T<G<P]\mathbb{P}[T<G<P] as a triple sum over t<g<pt < g < p.
  2. Collapse it from the inside out with geometric series. Beware: the answer is not 1/61/6, because ties have positive probability.

Answer

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Asked at: Jane Street, Citadel

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