Smallest possible MGF value

A random variable XX has moment generating function M(θ)=E[eθX]M(\theta) = \mathbb{E}[e^{\theta X}], and M(1)=7M(1) = 7. Over all such XX, what is the smallest possible value of M(4)M(4)?

Show hints (2)+
  1. logM(θ)\log M(\theta) is convex, and logM(0)=0\log M(0)=0, logM(1)=log7\log M(1)=\log 7.
  2. Extrapolate the chord to θ=4\theta=4: logM(4)4log7\log M(4)\ge 4\log 7, i.e. M(4)74M(4)\ge 7^4 (a constant XX achieves it).

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Asked at: Jane Street, Two Sigma

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