Quadratic variation in mean-square

Let BtB_t be a standard Brownian motion. Partition [0,t][0,t] into 2n2^n equal pieces and set Δm,n=Btm2nBt(m1)2n\Delta_{m,n} = B_{tm2^{-n}} - B_{t(m-1)2^{-n}}. Evaluate E ⁣[(m=12nΔm,n2t)2]\mathbb{E}\!\left[\left(\sum_{m=1}^{2^n}\Delta_{m,n}^2 - t\right)^{2}\right] as a function of nn and tt, then give its numerical value at t=1t = 1, n=5n = 5.

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  1. The sum has mean tt, so the expectation is its variance = sum of Var(Δm,n2)\operatorname{Var}(\Delta_{m,n}^2) (independent increments).
  2. For N(0,σ2)\mathcal N(0,\sigma^2), Var(2)=2σ4\operatorname{Var}(\cdot^2)=2\sigma^4 with σ2=t2n\sigma^2=t2^{-n}. Sum 2n2^n terms.

Answer

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0.0625

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Asked at: Jane Street, Two Sigma

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